What does cannabis research say about arthritis? We've analyzed 3 peer-reviewed studies to give you an honest, evidence-based overview.
Multiple high-quality studies support cannabis for this condition.
No significant effect found
More research needed
* Outcomes are based on our curated selection of research reviews. Individual study quality varies.
About This Research Summary: The information below aggregates findings from multiple peer-reviewed studies on cannabis and arthritis. This is for educational purposes only.
Research summaries are our interpretations of published studies. Individual responses to cannabis vary significantly. These findings do not guarantee similar results for any individual.
Study data sourced from PubMed®. Not evaluated by the FDA. See our Research Content Policy.
Arthritis encompasses over 100 conditions affecting joints and surrounding tissues, with osteoarthritis (wear-and-tear) and rheumatoid arthritis (autoimmune) being most common. Approximately 54 million Americans have doctor-diagnosed arthritis, making it a leading cause of disability. Arthritis causes joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. These symptoms typically worsen with age and can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. Morning stiffness, difficulty with daily activities, and sleep disruption are common complaints. Standard treatments include NSAIDs, acetaminophen, corticosteroids, disease-modifying drugs (for rheumatoid arthritis), physical therapy, and sometimes joint replacement surgery. Many patients find these treatments provide incomplete relief or come with significant side effects—particularly with long-term NSAID use affecting the gastrointestinal system and kidneys.
The endocannabinoid system plays a role in joint health and pain perception. CB2 receptors are found in immune cells and joint tissues, suggesting a direct role in inflammatory arthritis. CB1 receptors modulate pain signals centrally. For osteoarthritis, cannabis may help primarily through pain modulation—changing how the brain perceives joint pain. Some research suggests cannabinoids may also have protective effects on cartilage, though this is preliminary. For rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory forms, the anti-inflammatory properties of cannabinoids (particularly CBD) are theoretically relevant. Cannabis may modulate the overactive immune response that drives joint destruction, though human evidence is limited. Cannabis may also help with arthritis-related sleep problems and the anxiety/depression that commonly accompanies chronic pain conditions.
Note: This information summarizes research findings and is not medical advice. Consult a healthcare provider before using cannabis for any medical condition.
Based on our analysis of peer-reviewed studies on cannabis and arthritis:
Based on research, these cannabinoids show the most promise for arthritis:
Combination products may work best—THC for pain relief and CBD for potential anti-inflammatory effects. The 2006 rheumatoid arthritis trial used 1:1 THC:CBD (Sativex). Consider for significant arthritis pain.
CBD is popular for arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory reputation, but a 2024 controlled trial found CBD gel didn't beat placebo for osteoarthritis. May help mild symptoms or as adjunct to THC.
THC provides pain relief but without CBD's potential anti-inflammatory benefits. May be appropriate for patients focused on pain rather than inflammation, or when CBD-containing products haven't helped.
Individual responses vary. Work with a healthcare provider to determine the best approach for your situation.
Arthritis treatment depends on the primary goal. For pain management, THC-containing products at 2.5-15mg THC daily are typical. For potential anti-inflammatory effects, higher CBD doses (25-50mg+) may be needed. Topical cannabis products (creams, balms) are popular for localized joint pain. They may help surface-level pain without systemic effects, though a controlled trial of CBD gel for knee arthritis was negative. Oral products provide more systemic effects and may be better for widespread arthritis or when multiple joints are affected. Onset is slower (1-2 hours) but effects last longer (6-8 hours). Many arthritis patients use cannabis at night to help with pain-related sleep disruption. This can provide dual benefits—pain relief and improved sleep—without daytime impairment.
Dosing information is based on clinical research and is for educational purposes only. Optimal dosing varies by individual, product formulation, and administration method. Always start with the lowest effective dose and titrate slowly under medical supervision.
When considering cannabis for arthritis, be aware of these potential concerns:
Discuss these considerations with your healthcare provider before starting cannabis therapy.
Evidence is mixed. A 2006 controlled trial found THC:CBD (Sativex) improved rheumatoid arthritis pain and sleep. However, a 2024 trial found CBD gel didn't outperform placebo for knee osteoarthritis. Results may depend on arthritis type.
Source: Blake et al., Rheumatology, 2006 (PMID: 16282192); Vela et al., 2024
A 2024 controlled trial found CBD topical gel did NOT significantly improve knee osteoarthritis pain compared to placebo. While CBD is popular for arthritis, clinical evidence for efficacy is currently limited.
Source: Vela et al., Arthritis Care & Research, 2024 (PMID: 38164138)
A 2006 controlled trial found Sativex (THC:CBD) significantly improved rheumatoid arthritis pain, sleep quality, and morning stiffness compared to placebo after 5 weeks of treatment.
Source: Blake et al., Rheumatology, 2006 (PMID: 16282192)
A 2024 controlled trial found CBD topical gel was no better than placebo for knee osteoarthritis. While topicals are popular, clinical evidence for CBD creams treating arthritis is currently lacking.
Source: Vela et al., Arthritis Care & Research, 2024 (PMID: 38164138)
Common questions about cannabis for arthritis:
The present study shows minimal benefit of combining dronabinol (10 mg) and hydromorphone (4 mg) for analgesia and improving physical functioning in adults with knee osteoarthritis.
In this rigorous 12-week trial, CBD (20-30mg daily) showed NO benefit over placebo for hand osteoarthritis or psoriatic arthritis pain. Pain intensity, sleep, anxiety, depression, and function were all the same as placebo.
Currently, there is insufficient evidence for recommendation for any cannabinoid preparations for symptom management in patients with chronic pain associated with rheumatic diseases.
Our reviews are just a starting point. Browse thousands more studies on PubMed for arthritis.
Arthritis typically qualifies under chronic pain or intractable pain provisions. Some states list arthritis specifically. Rheumatoid arthritis may also qualify as an autoimmune condition. Documentation of diagnosis and inadequate response to standard treatments is typically required.
Research Summary Disclaimer
This content represents our interpretation of published scientific research for educational purposes. It should not be used to make treatment decisions without consulting a qualified healthcare provider. Individual results may vary from study findings.
FDA Notice
These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. Cannabis is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The FDA has not approved cannabis for any medical condition except specific prescription medications.
Copyright & Fair Use
Research summaries are provided under fair use (17 U.S.C. § 107) for educational purposes. We provide brief summaries with attribution, not full reproductions. All studies remain the intellectual property of their respective authors and publishers.
For complete information, see our Terms of Use and Research Content Policy.
